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Lighting in a building is one of the most important features of architecture and design. Exterior lighting has a significant effect on its attraction and beauty.

Now the question is:

Should all buildings have a lot of special lighting?

The use of lighting system in all the buildings of the city is not harmful and causes a lot of electricity consumption and visual pollution. Special lighting is done for commercial buildings and buildings in special areas. For example, important buildings such as Burj Khalifa, Eiffel Tower, or locations that need to identify for further identification are illuminated.

Different lighting techniques in buildings

Among the various techniques that use in lighting the facades of buildings are:

Motion lighting

It is called moving lighting that moves at fixed time intervals and causes more visual attraction. This type of lighting is usually used for advertising on the facade of commercial buildings.

An example of this lighting model is the musical fountain in Dubai.

In the construction of the fountain, they used 6.600 different lamps and lights, which have the ability to stand out in 25 different colors. The unique man-made phenomenon that occupies a large area is 275 meters long (approximately equal to 2 football fields) and was built on the 30-hectare lake of Burj Khalifa. The capabilities of the colorful Dubai fountain are therefore one of the popular entertainments of tourists who visit the Dubai fountain.

Offset lighting

The lighting that used from a distance to highlight the vertical structures of the building called offset. The most famous example for this model, which is a combination of offset lighting, decoration and display, is the Eiffel Tower. On the opening day of this tower, a thousand gas lamps were connected to it, which together with 2 projectors stood out in its highest part. These two projectors were responsible for illuminating other important historical buildings in France.

Eiffel blue, red and white lights also used. It was the most powerful lantern light used at that time. After that, it decided that gas lamps should be lit every night in a certain period of time.so that people can enjoy that pleasant scene. In 1900, they decided to use 5,000 electric lamps or electric lights with less electricity consumption to illuminate the Eiffel Tower, which used as a new decorative aspect. In 1937, for the French Art and Technique Exhibition, a structure installed under the first floor of the Eiffel Tower, with a huge chandelier hanging from it. 10 kilometers of fluorescent lamps and 30 spotlights in blue, gold and red colors used to illuminate this section.

In 1958, about 1,290 projectors installed in small holes in Champ de Mars to light up the Eiffel Tower every evening. Over time, when the issues of optimal electricity use became very important, the use of these high-consumption projectors and lamps objected too. For this reason, in 1958, a new program considered for the lighting of the Eiffel Tower. The Eiffel Tower was the first structure that used sodium lamps for its lighting. On the 120th anniversary of the Eiffel Tower, another show and performance with lighting was performed in October 2009, which continued until the end of December. But this time, in order to save electricity, LED lamps were used in the lighting of the Eiffel Tower, which were turned on almost at the same time as the sunset, every hour, for 10 minutes.

Surface lighting

It uses to show the texture of the type of material used in the facade of the building. The lighting used in the Lit brothers building is the surface lighting used to show the textures and details of this structure. This building is in Philadelphia, USA. This building used to function as a store, but today it has become a historical monument, and due to the use of marble stones and old architecture, this type of lighting has been used, and this has made this store famous in that area.

The lighting used in the Lit brothers building is the surface lighting used to show the textures and details of this structure. This building is in Philadelphia, USA. This building used to function as a store, but today it has become a historical monument, and due to the use of marble stones and old architecture, this type of lighting has been used, and this has made this store famous in that area.

Decorative lighting​

The use of lighting devices to add beauty to the facade of a building called decorative lighting. Almost all structures in Dubai use the decorative method for buildings and towers.

The contouring method used in the lighting of the MANACAR Tower in Mexico City. The use of LED lamps in the not-so-deep recesses and protrusions of this tower has created a texture that gives you the feeling of deep textures when you look at it from a distance. .

Booth building  ​   

Using devices that are far from the facade for uniform illumination of the facade so that the general view can be seen.

The lighting of Burj Al Arab in the UAE is the type of pavilion lighting. From a very strong flashing light, that has up to 85% energy saving properties. This LED light system is controlled.

This system in which each LED light has a unique DMX address to the individual in the network. Fixed effects on Burj Al Arab controlled by this system.

What things affect the lighting of the building?

• Building typology (historical or non-historical, hotel, residential, commercial)
• Height of buildings and architectural elements
• Width of building elements
• Characteristics of the materials used in the facade
• The colors used in the view
• Technical details of facade materials

Next, we want to examine the best buildings in terms of lighting in the world:

Las Vegas MSG Butter

The MSG SPHERE spherical building is one of the wonders of the technology world that built in Las Vegas. In this building, the method of dynamic lighting and booth construction is used.

With a height of 112 meters and a width of 157 meters, this sphere will be the largest spherical structure in the world. This building will have a screen with a resolution of 19,000 x 13,500 pixels, which will have the highest image quality and resolution in the world. The Korean dome alone weighs 13,000 tons and its area is 20,400 square meters.

The construction group has started to build a 223-meter steel structure that will form the overall design of the internal LED screen of this entertainment complex and will support the sound system.

Inside the Haptic Heliport, as part of the immersive experience technology, an infrasonic system (a system that allows the touch of virtual objects to be completely real and tangible) will be used, which by applying deep vibrations will make the guests fully immersed in the concert and event atmosphere. to feel The outer part of the sphere will have programmable lighting of about 56,000 square meters.

Galata Tower

Galata Tower is rightfully a worthy and unique symbol for the city of Istanbul. A city that is popular because of its not only antiquity and history, but because of its beauty, vitality, and its irrevocable charm! The pavilion method used in the lighting structure of this tower.

All the upper parts of the tower, especially the top of the tower, are illuminated and these lights lit at night. This lighting has made Galata not hidden from the eyes even at night and shines in the city with orange and red lights. In addition, Galata Tower, like most famous and well-known buildings, has 3D lighting; 3D and laser lighting that is broadcast for the tower during special ceremonies and celebrations and doubles its beauty. One of these events, which held recently, was the celebration of the 100th year of nationalization and the adoption of the Turkish national anthem. In this light show and images on the Galata Tower, prominent figures from the time of the migration of Turks from Central Asia to today seen.

Saint Petersburg Resurrection Church

One of the most magnificent buildings of the 18th century in Russia, which is located in Saint Petersburg, is the Resurrection Church of Saint Petersburg.

According to the belief of the builders of this church, which has spread to many visitors, Jesus Christ will reappear from this church and the resurrection will begin from this church.

The designer of this church is Italian architect Piero Castiglioni, who designed the Church of the Resurrection following the baroque and neoclassical architecture. The construction period of this church is 24 years. Also, the lighting of Resurrection Church is according to a new system.

Since the Church of the Resurrection has seen very important events such as the massacre of March 1881 in which the second tsar of Russia died, it is also called the savior of blood.

The difference between this church and St. Petersburg churches is in its colored mosaics and onion-like domes, which are very similar to St. Basil’s Cathedral. In the lighting project of this church, the number of lighting structures was increased by its architects and new light sources were replaced. Instead of old lighting, metal holiday light with a range of warm lights has been used. In this way, the designers were able to control the shadows by harmonizing the lights using a combination of different lights, and also by using the surface lighting technique, it shows the paintings and subtleties on the facade well.

Burj Khalifa

In 2018, Burj Khalifa’s unique lighting set a Guinness record as the largest lighting in the world.

It was known, from 280 moving lights (EMIRATE LIGHTS UP) in this show, which is around the frame of the building, more than 40 laser devices, 230 xenon lighting devices, 280 lighting devices with LED screens and light beams. Another special feature was used to immerse the 828-meter Burj Khalifa in the world of light. In this attractive project, dynamic lighting is used.

He had a team of more than 300 engineers, specialists and consultants who built and installed almost 120 tons of equipment and did more than 29 kilometers of cabling.

Heydar Ali F. cultural center building

This building is an important cultural center in Baku, the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The design of this building was carried out after an international design competition in 2007 by Zaha Hadid, the lady of the eastern architect who was truly a successful project in all aspects of architecture and non-architecture, and was finally completed in 2012. The lighting method is also inspired by the type of pavilion construction and contouring.

This center is located on a 10-hectare area near the Baku Convention Center. It is famous for its fluid form, which architects and designers around the world see as a reaction to the rigid architecture of the Soviet Union era, as well as a reference to Islamic calligraphy and elements of traditional Azeri architecture.

El Flamingo Las Vegas Casino

This casino is located in the brightest spot on earth, Las Vegas, where LED lamps used throughout its surface and it is designed in a dynamic lighting style.

About this building itself, it said that the size is 72229 meters and the art deco and Mediterranean style used for its construction and design. 3460 rooms can be inhabited inside this casino hotel.

 CASA BATLLO building, Spain

This building is the most original and dreamy house built in Barcelona. The Ballio building is a symbol of the dragon on the roof of which Saint George is killing the dragon

The facade of the building is made of mosaic, glass and ceramic and has a strange wavy shape. When you look at it in the sunlight, you feel that the building is riding the waves and moving. In the windows of the built rooms, which are similar to the skull and teeth of a dragon, lights from LED lights are used, which shows the scaly and wavy appearance of the facade at night, which is a surface lighting style. This architecture, which used three-dimensional style in its time, was unique in its kind.

View of Casa Batllo using paintings by digital artist REFIC ANADOL

It was designed by artificial intelligence, illuminated by Casa Batllo surface projectors. The project used more than a billion publicly available archival images, as well as using artificial intelligence data that was fed into customized algorithms that used weather data from Barcelona to produce images that were projected onto the building. was combining

OPERA HOUSE Sydney

It is considered one of the most distinctive buildings of the 20th century in terms of architectural art, which is located in the coastal city of Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Sydney Opera House is currently one of the most important tourist attractions in Australia.

At first, it was done based on the roof lighting and with the help of spotlights from hundreds of meters away from the building. Unfortunately, this lighting created unfavorable shadows in the lower part of the shells. By performing many experiments and simulations, suitable bright shadows were obtained by installing stronger projectors in special lighting stations 500 meters away from the building and in the opposite direction of the round docks. Many lenses and optical equipment were used to implement the desired lighting, and finally the proper lighting desired by the authorities was realized. This type of lighting includes dynamic and surface style

EMPRE STATE in Manhattan, New York

In addition to its specific uses, Empire State lighting is also known as a tourist attraction. In November 1993, the huge floodlights on top of the tower were used for the first time to  announce Roosevelt’s  victory in the US election. New high pressure floodlights were installed on the 72nd floor in 1964 to illuminate the top of the building. In 1976, a proposal was made to replace the 1,000 incandescent lamps in the tower with 204 metal halide lamps. In the same year, special red, white and blue lighting was installed in the Empire State on the occasion of a national holiday.

Since 1976, special lighting has been implemented on top of the Empire State Tower, which can be changed according to seasonal events and holidays. Additionally, groups and organizations can apply for special occasion lighting through the Empire State website. Numerous events such as honoring individuals, supporting New York sports teams, anniversaries of famous people’s deaths, and the like are all included in the Empire State’s special lighting.

In 2012, all of the Empire State’s metal halide lamps were replaced with new 1.200 LED lamps, increasing the available lighting colors from 9 to 16 million. The new system has computer control and gives more modern lighting effects to the tower.

Luxor casino Las Vegas

The Luxor Casino in Las Vegas is a 30-story casino hotel located at the end of the South Strip in Las Vegas, Paradise. This casino opened in 1993. The distinguishing feature of this casino is the concentrated white light that is sent to the sky by 39 xenon lamps of 7000 watts. This building is designed as one of the three pyramids of Egypt, which is also called the city of Luxor.

At the top of the pyramid, these lamps are used to light up to 275 miles (443 km) at night. Since 2008, only half of these lamps are lit to prevent excessive electricity consumption.

Walt Disney Concert Hall

Walt Disney Concert Hall’s exterior is a combination of raw and angular shapes and is a symbol of the musical movement and movement of Los Angeles. This design is developed through paper models and designs that are characteristic of the Gray process. The custom curvature required a very specific steel structure, including the box columns that are tilted in section 17 on the north side of the building.

The panels and unique curves of the facade are illuminated during the day and colored by city lights after dark. Originally, the building was to be clad in stone, but after the completion of Bilbao’s Guggenheim Museum, the concert hall’s titanium-clad cousin, more malleable materials were chosen. Dynamic lighting method is used in this structure.

Singapore Science and Art Museum

This building, which is located in Singapore’s Marina Bay, is reminiscent of a lotus flower, which is the reason for its popularity. It was designed and built by Moshe Safadi. The surface of this building is made of a type of waterproof fiberglass. The lighting of this complex is superficial and it is illuminated using projectors that are placed around this structure. Also, the dynamic lighting has given a double attraction to this collection.

Beijing National Water Sports Center

This structure, which is known as the water cube, was built in 2008 to host the Paralympic Games. The structural pattern of this building was inspired by cut soap bubbles, and a bubble was made from glass on a steel body. The structure is considered among the green buildings because the amount of carbon and heat produced through lighting is zero. The lighting of this building is surface and motion.

Kobe Japan Guest House

In 1995, a severe earthquake hit the city of Kobe, Japan, which caused the death of 6,000 people and damage of nearly 100 billion dollars. The survivors lived in the dark without electricity and water until the rescue operation. For this reason, the Italian government decided to give them 200,000 painted lamps. This not only caused people to use light, but these lamps also symbolized their return to life. This facade changes its decor every year with the help of Italian art directors and is designed in a special way.

Before dealing with the topic of this article for better understanding, read the article How light is created:

Sunlight: Sunlight is one of the natural lights that reaches the earth from the sun. Its color varies in the form of red, orange, yellow, green and blue in a wide range of colors. Sunlight has a natural spectrum that is very suitable for lighting and coloring. This type of light naturally creates a feeling of comfort and intimacy in spaces. Also, sunlight plays an important role in regulating our body’s biological clock and helps us regulate our sleep and wake cycles.

Nonnatural: Nonnatural has a color like sunlight with a spectrum that includes red and orange, but less blue and green. This type of light has a lower color temperature and is more towards red and orange. Warm white light creates a feeling of peace and comfort in spaces and is suitable for use in comfortable and intimate spaces such as bedrooms, living rooms and restaurants.

Cold white light: Cold white light has a spectrum that includes blue and green colors and less red and orange. This type of light has a high color temperature and a cooler color. Cool white light is used in bright and energizing spaces, such as workspaces, stadiums, and public areas. This type of light naturally stimulates wakefulness and energy and is suitable for use in spaces that require high concentration and strong lighting.

Ultimately, the choice between sunlight, warm white light and cool white light depends on the needs and the desired environment. Consider factors such as intended use, desired feelings, and environmental applications:

Sunlight
has a wide range of colors, including red, orange, yellow, green, and blue,
creating a sense of naturalness and comfort in spaces,
adjusting the biological clock of the body and influencing the sleep and waking process,
extensive use of natural lighting and appropriate coloring.

Natural light
has a color like sunlight with a spectrum of red and orange,
creating a feeling of relaxation and comfort in spaces.
It is usually used for comfortable and intimate spaces.
The color temperature is lower than sunlight and cold white light.

White light
has a spectrum that includes blue and green colors. It is
used in bright and energizing spaces such as workplaces and gyms.
It stimulates wakefulness and gives energy.
It has a high color temperature and a cooler color than sunlight and warm white light.

Therefore, the choice between these three types of light depends on the needs and the desired environment. For natural and comfortable spaces, sunlight or natural light is suitable, while for bright and energizing spaces, cold white light is suitable.

The light of lamps can appear colorful according to the principles of light and color perception. Here is a simple explanation:

Visible light spectrum: Visible light includes a spectrum of colors from red to violet. This spectrum is usually shown as letters, where each letter represents a color (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet). We will discuss the additional explanations of the visible spectrum below.

Colored filters: Some lamps use colored filters or lenses to modify the emitted light. These filters selectively transmit certain wavelengths of light while absorbing others. For example, a red filter allows red light to pass while blocking other colors, resulting in red-colored light.

Phosphors and LEDs: In the case of fluorescent lamps or LED lamps, a different mechanism is involved. Fluorescent lamps contain phosphors, which are substances that emit light when excited by high-energy electrons. These phosphors can be coated inside the lamp tube and when electricity passes through the gas inside the tube, it excites the phosphors and causes light to be emitted. The specific combination of phosphors used can determine the color of the emitted light.

Color combination: Color combination is a basic principle in lighting design. A wide range of colors can be created by combining different colors. For example, combining red and blue light produces violet, while combining red and green light produces yellow.

white light

Before dealing with white light, let’s summarize how light is formed:
Light is a type of electromagnetic radiation energy that is made up of various radiation energies, such as radio waves, microwaves, ultraviolet rays, and X-rays.
Visible light or the light we see is in the middle of this electromagnetic spectrum and is a small part of this spectrum, but this visible light spectrum is always changing.
At the end of this spectrum, there is red color, which has the longest wavelength, and at the end, blue or violet light has the shortest wavelength.

The white light that is seen consists of the combination of all these colors. Primary colors such as green, red and blue and secondary colors such as magenta, cyan and yellow are obtained from the decomposition of white light.

The first person to prove this theory was Newton. Newton passed light through a glass prism to determine the color spectrum that makes up light, then passed that spectrum through another prism to combine these lights to form white light. This simple experiment led to a better understanding of colors. The component of the light became white.

Thomas Young, a Danish physicist, studied the theory and behavior of light in the 19th century. He developed the wave theory of light and showed that light is an electromagnetic wave that travels at a constant speed.

Thomas Young

James Clerk Maxwell, a Scottish physicist, presented a mathematical model to describe light in the 19th century. He presented Maxwell’s equations based on which light is described as an electromagnetic James Clerk Maxwell

Heinrich Hertz, a German physicist, investigated and described light and electromagnetic waves in the 19th century. In his experiments, he showed that light can move at a constant speed in space and he made this speed equal to the speed of light in vacuum. wave and the spectrum of different colors is explained in this model.

Heinrich Hertz

Cold white light, which is bluish, has various uses in industrial sectors. The color temperature has clear and balanced qualities. Because of its colder appearance, cool white has fewer lasting properties compared to daylight white light. This type of light is often used in places that usually require bright light, such as manufacturing facilities, construction sites, and structures that process chemicals and petroleum, because it is reliable for a variety of jobs. Although cool white light is not often used in living spaces, it may be used in garages, laundry rooms, and other dimly lit areas of the home.
shopping malls, hospitals, and public buildings are examples of commercial and retail locations that often use cool white light bulbs. Daylight color temperature lamps are not recommended for such settings due to increased risk of eye strain. In these environments, cool white settings encourage moderate attention and people can tolerate prolonged light exposure. It is very important to remember how bright colors and surfaces in a space may be accentuated with cool whites. If the walls and objects in the space are already white and bright, cool white light may not be the ideal choice.

Natural light or white/natural day

Natural light, or daylight, has a yellowish-white color, the use of which in the space brings a certain relaxation, because its brightness is like sunlight and conveys the feeling of the day. The temperature of these lamps is between 3000 and 2700 Kelvin. This pressure light It affects the eyes less than sunlight or white light.

Warm white light is used in various cases due to its warm and pleasant appearance. Several examples of warm white light use include:
Homes and comfort spaces: In homes and domestic spaces, warm white light is used to create a sense of warmth and comfort. Usually, it is common to choose warm white light in bedrooms, living rooms, and rooms used for rest and relaxation.
Restaurants and cafes: In restaurants and cafes, the use of warm white light can create a friendly and comfortable atmosphere. This light looks warmer and more welcoming and is suitable for environments used for speaking and watching performances and events.
Hotels and Residences: In the hospitality industry, warm white light is used to create a pleasant and relaxing environment for guests. This light is used for hotel rooms, lobby, restaurant and other spaces.
Health and beauty service spaces: In the terminology of the beauty and makeup industry, warm white light is used to create a calm and pleasant atmosphere. This light is used in massage rooms, make-up rooms and beauty salons.
Relaxation and recreation spaces: In relaxation spaces such as fitness halls, saunas and swimming pools, it is common to use warm white light. This light turns into a warm and friendly environment and is important for the comfort and relaxation of clients.
In general, warm white light is used in spaces that need to create a welcoming and friendly environment due to the feeling of warmth, relaxation and comfort.
Sunlight
It is important to know that in trying to simulate sunlight in lamps, it is not always easy to be completely accurate and obtain light like natural sunlight. But by using advanced technologies and improving the methods of light production, we are getting closer to the totality of natural sunlight over time.

Sunlight is used in different types of spaces and industries. Let’s examine some of the uses of sunlight together:

Normal lighting: In homes, offices, schools and public spaces such as shopping malls and restaurants, sunlight is used as a natural lighting source. Sunlight can brighten and liven up spaces and convey a more natural feeling.

Lighting systems: In exterior spaces and architecture, sunlight is used as a lighting element. By using intelligent design and proper positioning of objects, sunlight can contribute to the beauty and attractiveness of open spaces and buildings.

Solar industry: Sunlight is used directly in the solar industry. In the installation of solar panels to generate solar electricity, sunlight is absorbed by the panels and converted into electricity.

Agriculture: Sunlight is very important for the growth and nutrition of plants. In greenhouses and agricultural spaces, the use of natural light as a light source for plants facilitates better growth and improved performance.
In general, sunlight is used as a natural and sustainable energy source of light in many industries and spaces, and it brings many benefits including energy saving.

Signs that we should know to buy lamps!

To find out the color or color temperature of a lamp, you can look at the labels and markings on the packaging or the lamp itself. In many cases, lamp manufacturers use special marking systems that specify the color or color temperature of the lamp. In the following, we will examine some general methods to find out the color of a light bulb:
Color code: Some light bulbs have a color code on the packaging or on their body. This code is usually indicated by letters or numbers and tells you what color the light bulb is. Is.

Color temperature in Kelvin units: Some lamps have color temperature values ​​in Kelvin units. For example, cool solar lamps typically have a color temperature above 5,000 Kelvin, while warm solar lamps typically have a color temperature below 3,000 Kelvin.

Pay attention to the image above:

White light: usually the color temperature is between 5000 and 6500 Kelvin. These temperatures are close to daylight, white or cold light.

Natural light: usually the color temperature is between 4000 and 5000 Kelvin. These temperatures are close to natural daylight and are known as natural light.

Yellow light: usually the color temperature is between 2700 and 3500 Kelvin. These temperatures are close to the well-known warm yellow light.

Color temperature on the specification sheet: On the specification sheet of the lamp, the color temperature or color of the lamp is usually specified. This information can be displayed in different categories such as “warm sun”, “cold sun” and “top xenon”.

It is important to remember that standards and markings may vary between lamp manufacturers. Therefore, it is better to check the product packaging for more accuracy, and if you need more detailed information, refer to the technical specifications page of the lamp.

How to form light and different colors such as white, natural and yellow in all kinds of lamps

LED lamp

They don’t use filaments that are in old lamps to light up. In LEDs, filaments have been replaced by semiconductors, and the way it works is that electric current passes through these semiconductors and light is produced. Then the light is absorbed by the phosphor coating inside the bubble and causes the lamp to glow. Two positive and negative semiconductors are used in LED lamps. The potential difference created by the electric current in the semiconductors creates an excitation on the negative side. To free themselves from this situation, the electrons move towards the positive side and upon reaching the junction of the two positive and negative semiconductors, they produce light. This produced light is used to keep the lamp on.

The most common way to produce white light in LED lamps is to use chips and light diodes. Blue diodes are used as primary light. In the optical chamber, they use a chip that integrates a converting phosphor, fluorescent dye, quantum dots or other converting materials. The blue light emitted by the LED excites the quantum dots. This excitation causes white light in the LED housing. Another method is to mix colors using LEDs of different colors such as red, green and blue, the intensity of each of which changes the temperature and color of the light. For example, using more red light causes the LED lamp to become sunny color or daylight.

tungsten lamp

The filament in the tungsten lamp is called the filament. The filament is placed in a glass bulb that is filled with a vacuum or inert gas to protect the filament from oxidation. The current reaches the filament through terminals or wires embedded in the glass.

To produce white light in a tungsten lamp, the filament is placed in a tube containing nitrogen gas, which is heated by electric current. When the filament is heated, it produces light with different color spectrums. The combination of these lights produces white light. However, if the filament is controlled at a temperature, a light close to natural daylight is produced. Now, if this electric current has a high intensity in the filament, yellow sunlight is produced.

Gas lamp

Fluorescent lamps have an elongated, narrow shape that emits light longitudinally, while gas lamps have an oval bulb inside which a glass cylinder is held by a metal holder. The electric arc created between the electrodes inside the glass tube which is filled with conductive gas produces energy in the form of light, while in old lamps this energy was used to heat tungsten filaments. Their types are: lamps Mercury vapor, low pressure sodium lamp, high pressure sodium lamp and metal halide lamp

All these lamps use the same structure and features. All of them, like fluorescent lamps, are considered a type of electric arc lights, which differ in the shape of the bulb.

Gas lamps use a combination of gases that can produce a spectrum of different colors. These gases usually include hydrogen, helium, argon and nitrogen. By adjusting the amount and ratio of these gases, it is possible to create white light with a wide range of colors.

To produce natural light in gas lamps, a special compressed gas is used. This gas usually includes hydrogen, helium and argon. With the proper combination and precise adjustment of the amounts of these gases, it is possible to produce light with a color close to natural light.

Compressing sodium gas is also used to produce yellow light. The amount and

The type of halides and their ratio with xenon gas are the factors that determine the final color spectrum. Therefore, by using different gases and halides in gas lamps, light with a color spectrum like sunlight or yellow is produced.

energy saving lightbulb

The way the low-energy lamp works has caused them to quickly replace incandescent lamps from the very beginning of production to reduce the cost of electricity consumption. The structure of the energy-saving lamp is made of a twisted tube or vacuum curve. A compact electronic ballast is placed at the base of the lamp. There are two electrodes at the two ends of this tube, which are filled with barium gas. The operation of the low-consumption lamp is in such a way that a converter switch is built into it, which replaces the high frequency and the starter.

The energy-saving lamp produces light through argon gas and mercury vapor inside a screw-shaped tube. The ballast embedded in this lamp passes the electric current through gas and mercury molecules. When the energy saving lamp is turned on, it takes some time for its mechanism to work and produce its final light. In fact, during this time, the lamp is heated and the molecules inside it are excited. When the molecules are excited, they start to produce ultraviolet or UV light, which is converted into visible light by the fluorescent material inside the bulb.

When an electric current passes through the gas, the electrons briefly collide with the atoms of the gas and the atoms go into a higher state. When the atom returns to the ground state, it emits energy in the form of photons. These photons are emitted as white light through the inner lining of the fluorescent tube, which is usually coated with phosphor. Phosphorus coloring technology is used to produce natural light. In this method, there is a phosphor layer inside the fluorescent tube that absorbs the blue or violet light produced by the fluorescent gas and emits it as natural light with a color close to natural light. It absorbs purple and is produced.

Xenon lamp

Xenon lamps start with xenon gas. The function of xenon lamps is the same as the formation of thunder and lightning. This lamp has an anode (positive pole) and a cathode (negative pole) that are connected to the electric field. Anode and cathode are located near each other and are in contact with neon gas in the chamber. Connecting the anode and cathode to the electric current causes them to get a very high and of course non-uniform electric charge and their potential difference becomes very large. The electric potential difference causes the xenon gas electrons to flow and separate them from the gas atoms, and in this way, the xenon becomes ionized and starts to glow. Creating this glow means turning on the xenon lamp.

To produce white light, xenon gas is placed inside a glass tube. When an electric current is passed through the gas, the electrons collide with the xenon atoms and the atoms are excited. When the atom returns to the down state, energy is released in the form of photons and these photons are emitted as white light through the glass tube. Xenon lamps are closer to natural light. But the production of natural light in xenon lamps depends on the exact composition of xenon gas and the use of suitable optical filters to correct the light spectrum. These filters are usually used to reduce some yellow and blue colors and correct the spectrum towards natural light. A yellow filter is used to produce yellow light in xenon lamps. This yellow filter is usually designed as part of the glass tube. The yellow filter selectively allows yellow light to pass through and enhances the yellow color.

Nikola Tesla was born on July 10, 1856 at 12 o’clock in the rainy night in the village of Smil Jan, Croatia. At that time, their village was part of the Austrian Empire. His mother called him the child of light because he was born on a night when there was thunder.
His father was a priest and his mother was the daughter of a priest and had a very good memory. Tesla went to his mother’s grandfather because he was also an inventor and very intelligent.

Childhood and youth

He experienced his first trauma when he was 5 years old. He and his brother were riding when his brother fell off the horse and died several days later. He blamed himself for his brother’s death because he thought he had scared his brother’s horse.

As a child, he had an extraordinary visual memory and could remember all the events in complete detail. Also, he was highly intelligent and creative, and before he made an umbrella to fly, although this was not successful.

During his school days, his physics teacher found him interested in electricity. During his high school years, he mentally solved complex integral calculations so that he completed four years of high school in three years and then returned to his family.

University

His father insisted that he become a priest and somehow do their family job. Although Nicola had big thoughts in his head. At the age of 17, he was ready to go to the school of religious sciences. He got seriously ill. After several visits to the doctor, they found out that he had cholera, and the doctors told his parents that he would probably not live for a few more days!
He, who could hardly speak, got a promise from his father that if he regains his health, he should allow him to go to the engineering school. His father accepted this condition.
Tesla regained his health and went to engineering school as promised by his father. He was very interested in Mark Twain’s books and later met him and talked with him.
According to himself, Mark Twain’s books helped him a lot in getting his health.
Due to his illness, he joined the army before going to university, but he could not survive in the army and ran away from there. He went to university at the age of 21. He joined the University of Graz in Austria in 1887. During that time, he spent his time on his research, just like when he was in high school, when he loved electricity; he also spent his university research on the same subject. He was so involved in research that the university informed his family that if he continues this process, he would face serious problems because he spends studying and researching from 3 am to 11 pm, but he fell in love with electricity and started his work.
In the university, he proposed a plan to replace alternating current instead of direct current, and his professor rejected this plan.
In the third year of the university, he left the studies and the university and turned to gambling, lost all his savings, and earns his living by doing day jobs.
After some time, he returned to his own country due to lack of residence and three weeks later he lost his father due to illness. After that, Nikola gave up gambling and started studying because he could not afford to continue his education. After some time, he returned to the university with the support of his uncles and continued his research.
At the same time, Edison invented the incandescent light bulb and introduced it to the market in 1879. Contrary to popular belief, Edison was not the inventor of electricity, and he invented the incandescent light bulb, which we have been using for years. Edison is a role model for Tesla. And his ultimate goal was to go to America and meet with Edison.
After university, he went to Budapest in 1870 and employed in the central telegraph office.
He had a strong thinking power, he imagined the things he was going to invent very well, and he had a strange hearing power that sometimes bothered him so that you could hear the ticking of the clock from three rooms away. One day he was walking with his friend when suddenly a plan came to his mind and he drew it with a stick on the ground. Can make it

Trip to America and Edison Company

During Tesla’s trip to America, he brought with him a letter of introduction from one of Tesla’s European partners named Charles Bachelor, who was the director of Tesla in the company he worked for. In addition, the other is this young man.
With this letter, he went to Edison and explained to him the design of AC motors, but he was against this design. Edison said that we register one small invention every month and one small invention every 6 months and in this way, we attract capital.
After this, Tesla started working and the news of his expertise reached Edison. In one of the meetings that Tesla had with Edison, he asked him to let him work on his direct current generators and improve it. Edison, who didn’t think he could do it, agreed and told him if you can do it, I will give you $50,000.
Tesla began to design generators with enthusiasm, he did this work for a whole year, then he succeeded and this was a very big event for the Edison Company and the managers were very happy about this event. After this incident, Tesla went to Edison to get his reward, but Edison did not fulfill his promise and told him that his words were a joke and the only thing he did was to give him a very small salary increase, which made Tesla very upset and left the company. He resigned and started working. He spends his days as a laborer and his nights working on the AC motor control project.
Big investors who heard this news during their conversations with Tesla offered him cooperation and Tesla managed to prepare a small laboratory for himself. It came to his mind and along with that, he made and registered other inventions. One of these inventions made a beautiful and durable arc lamp, which welcomed, but investors took its patent.
The prototype of Tesla’s great invention was unveiled in May 1888 and introduced the alternating current motor that is present in the devices we use today.
Until 1892, Tesla registered 22 more inventions in his name. He was given letters of credit such as generators, converters, and communication lines, which were the biggest inventions registered until then after the invention of the telephone. He became a famous person. And all the people and investors were going to him to cooperate with him.

Westinghouse Company

One of the people who knew the value of Tesla’s inventions was a person named George Westinghouse. He was one of the investors who was an inventor himself and wanted to make Tesla’s inventions, which were only ideas, into reality. He offered to buy the privileges of Tesla’s inventions, which related to alternating current, with Tesla at a value of one million dollars. In addition, to pay Tesla Company two and a half dollars for each horsepower of energy produced from Tesla’s inventions. TESLA could become the richest person in the world just by receiving these two and a half dollars, so she accepted this offer.
After this, he lit up the Westinghouse neighborhood store in Buffalo with alternating current and his own light bulbs, and amazed everyone. Edison now took Tesla seriously as a competitor, and ordinary people saw that there were other ways to There is also electricity generation.
Tesla made great progress in his work now, and this was the beginning of Edison’s troubles because Tesla could easily replace alternating current with direct current. This was the beginning of a Great War between Edison and his partner John Pierre Morgan and Tesla and Westinghouse. The war that known as the war of currents.

War of currents

The difference between direct current DC and alternating current AC

The electric current that Edison used was direct electric current and he believed that no other type of current used for commercialization.
The main problem with direct current was that it was not possible to change the voltage, for example, if high voltage is used, it is possible to cause the burning of electrical appliances and the bursting of lamps, and if the voltage is low, for example, the required voltage of the lamp can produced for the use of devices. We will get into trouble.
The second problem of using direct voltage is that in order to transfer the current to distant places, a copper wire with a large diameter used; as a result, we will have a voltage drop. In this case,
there is an alternating current, which usually has a high voltage, in contrast to the direct current. In this current, the voltage can be increased and decreased and different currents can sent to different devices and lamps. At the same time, it does not have the problem of transferring to distant places.
In comparison, we know that the transmission of alternating current for commercial electricity is definitely a suitable option, but there were two main problems for its transmission at that time: the
first problem was that a device that could control the alternating current that Tesla wanted to use had not yet been invented. And he had designed the idea in the park.
The second problem was the high voltage in the alternating current, which was far more dangerous. At that time, people were afraid of it due to lack of familiarity with electricity. Also, several fires had occurred due to this high voltage, and the public’s mind was ruined.

From the late 1870s in America, Edison had set up his first power plant and people could use it.
In 1882, Tesla went to one of Edison’s subsidiaries and started working there. His work was the installation and commissioning of urban lighting systems by incandescent lamps.
He had gained a lot of experience in his work field in Paris, as a result, he made responsible for the design and manufacture of generators and dynamos, and his position raised to the extent that he sent Tesla to France to solve the engineering problems of other Edison companies. And they sent to Germany.
In Budapest, Paris and Germany, he made remarkable progress. Besides these works, he tried to produce the alternating current motor. But he had failed and hoped that Edison could help him. He was very excited to immigrate to America for young Tesla in 28, while he brought nothing with him and only his dreams and ideas. He had taken a slave with him.
In the late 1880s, Edison started negative publicity against alternating current. He wanted to discredit Tesla, and he did everything moral and immoral.
The difference between Edison’s invention and Tesla’s invention was as if Edison had invented the switch and Tesla had invented the car!
Due to the pressure drop, direct current needed masts every two kilometers, but alternating current did not need masts close to each other due to the increase and decrease of voltage, and this happened through wiring, also in alternating current. The need for wiring with thick copper wires was underground, but thinner wires used in alternating current and used on top of masts, and the system proposed by Tesla was 75% more economical.
Edison fueled the misconception that people had and said that if alternating current used in homes, it will kill everyone after 6 months, and people said that they would not let these evil energies into the home, considering the misconceptions.
Edison’s fans held demonstrations and transferred the issue to the government, and most of the journalists who were in favor of Edison and came behind him.
Edison’s team put on a terrible show by connecting electric current to animals in public view, trying to destroy the public’s mentality towards alternating current. They killed innocent dogs, cats, as well as horses and elephants. They put a cage and connected the electric current to it, which killed the animals, and they told people that if the alternating current comes to your house, this disaster would happen to you. They named this work Westinghouse, for example, when a horse He killed by electrocution, they said he became Westinghouse.

Westinghouse and Tesla paid no attention to this, and when Edison tried to destroy Westinghouse, they were working on alternating current.
Edison’s other action was that he used alternating current to execute prisoners sentenced to death.
William Kemmler was the first person to be executed by electric current in the electric chair. This work had many opponents, one of the opponents was the Westinghouse company, which tried to prevent this from happening, and even a court was formed for this, where Edison testified that high voltage can cause the death of a person, but no one knew what to do for a painless death. A voltage must be used. Finally, it was decided to use an electric chair.
On the day of the sentence, the prisoner sat on a chair and became motionless after connecting the 1000 volt electricity. Contrary to what people thought, he was still alive, and they connected him to a 2000 volt electric current. Finally, it took 8 minutes for his body parts to be burned and destroyed, and this was considered a form of torture.
In 1893, an exhibition was being held in Chicago. This exhibition was the first world festival that was supposed to be lit with electricity, and the authorities invested in holding it.
The first supplier candidate was the Edison company. He had offered one million and seven hundred thousand dollars to hold this exhibition. Westinghouse and Tesla had made great progress and the amount offered was much lower than Edison’s. But in the end, Westinghouse won the bid with $500,000. Instead, Edison announced that selling his lamps to the exhibition is prohibited. Tesla and Westinghouse invented new lamps, and finally Edison suffered the final defeat.
This exhibition was so popular that the President of the United States personally attended this exhibition to witness the lighting of the exhibition by the Westinghouse Company. After the exhibition was lit by the president, the platforms were shining with light. Finally, Nikola Tesla won the war of currents.

The force of Niagara Falls

After a meeting between Nikola Tesla and Lord Clevin, who at that time was the head of an organization whose purpose was to harness the power of Niagara Falls and believed that the power of alternating current should not be used, his opinion changed completely and together they came to the conclusion that the enormous power of the falls use to produce electricity. Tesla’s task was to produce generators that were being built for the first time in the world.
In 1896, this system was put into operation. The water pressure would turn the turbines and it would be taken to remote areas using lines. After 4 years, the wires were stretched 600 kilometers and were taken to New York City, and then from there electricity was taken to the whole of America and then to the whole world.
Now, after 30 years, Tesla had achieved his dream, the dream he had as a teenager had now come true. The 20th century had begun with a lot of changes.
After that, Tesla established his company under the name of Nikola Tesla Company and started to implement his ideas in his personal laboratory. After the Westinghouse company ran into financial problems and the financial and economic conditions of the American markets brought it to the brink of destruction.
After the great popularity of Tesla, everyone wanted to meet him because he was now a rich, single young man with a mind full of new ideas. Meanwhile, he met Mark Twain, which we will talk about later.
To create a better electric current, Tesla had invented a device called an oscillator, which he called the earthquake machine because it made a lot of noise. Tesla used this device to treat diseases. According to himself, he cured many of his diseases by using electricity. Tesla had treated Mark Twain’s intestinal diseases and digestive problems with this device.

Tesla’s ethics and appearance

Tesla was very popular at that time because of its special cover. He wears very clean and ironed clothes with white gloves and a hat.
He was not interested in marriage, his love was his inventions, and he was of the opinion that important inventions were not made by married people. He slept very little, the maximum time he rested and slept was 3 hours, he walked 12 kilometers every day and cared about sports.
He cared about his health and nutrition and ate dairy products and vegetables for a long time. He was a vegetarian for half of his life.
Tesla had certain behaviors in terms of personality, and he cared obsessively about his clothing and cleanliness, he did not like touching objects and people, and he hated women’s jewelry, especially earrings, and also touching hair. He hated women, that’s why he didn’t have a partner until the end of his life.

What is known today as wireless radio, and Tesla’s creative mind was stuck with this, finally succeeded in making the Tesla coil, which we use in many devices today. The Tesla coil is a tool for generating high current electricity with low voltage. And also alternating electricity.
The example of this device, which is the Tesla coil, was made by the scientific team of Zem Group:

Click on the picture below to see how the Tesla Coil works on the YouTube channel:

This coil was used in lighting, electrotherapy and even x-ray production before the German physicist Roentgen recorded the discovery of this ray in his own name. Tesla was able to take the first images from his hand while working with high frequencies. give After this he gave warnings about the dangers of using X-rays. He also sent the result of his work to Roentgen, but he never published it, and finally the invention was registered under Roentgen’s name.
Another invention was to turn on a vacuum lamp without connecting it with a wire to the coil. This was the first proof that it is possible to transmit electricity without wires and through the air, and it was the beginning of an adventurous story that he was involved in until the end of his life. He was of the opinion that this invention can give comfort and convenience to all the people of the world. Although before Tesla, Herrick Hertz, a German scientist, had succeeded in making a radio transmitter and receiver, he had proved that it is possible to flow from a source and a destination without The wire transferred.
After many experiments, Tesla realized that if the coils were set to vibrate at the same frequency, they could send and receive radio waves. He could send a force equal to one million volts with his conical coil. He was ready to do this when a fire in his laboratory prevented him. At the same time as Tesla, Markeni was testing radio communications and it was possible that he would succeed in patenting it earlier than Tesla, so he set up a new laboratory as soon as possible and finally registered the invention of radio in his own name.
After that, Tesla made a small mechanical boat and controlled it wirelessly with a device. This was so strange to people that they thought someone was driving it inside the boat.
The idea of ​​making it was that this device can end military wars. Tesla’s other idea was the Telofarth beam, which was discussed after his death because he believed that this beam could be strong enough to destroy an army from a distance, but unfortunately, it has not been exploited until now.

Colorado Lab

Colorado Laboratory In a laboratory that was built on a high place outside the city, he had built a device that was a transmitter of magnetic waves, and its purpose was to control the energy of lightning and the energies in the atmosphere, as well as to dominate the forces of nature. There was an antenna with a height of 48 meters next to the laboratory, and at the top of it was a copper wire that established the connection between the coil and the device.
In that laboratory, two other things were done, one of which was that Tesla went 6 kilometers away from the test site, inserted a light bulb into the ground, and after pulling the lever, wireless communication was established through the ground and the light bulb was lit. The second was the creation of artificial lightning. After connecting the current, a lot of sparks started to fly from the coil and an ear-splitting sound like the sound of an explosion was produced.
Outside the lab, the same thing happened to that antenna and copper ball. The sparks rose up to a height of 30 meters from the copper sphere, and no animal could be seen within a radius of 30 kilometers, and all of them had fled, people were afraid and said that he was the devil and was fighting with God.
After these events, he wanted to build a device and some masts to generate high pressure electricity and send it to the whole planet for free and wirelessly.
He presented an article entitled solar electricity production by masts and also climate control by electrical energy. According to his inventions and knowledge, Tesla was able to make predictions. These predictions were about mobile phones, the Internet, and the formation of the global village.
In 1900, he went to Long Island with the capital he got from Morgan and started building Warden Cliff Tower.
This tower was made of wood with a height of 57 meters and was sunk 57 meters underground. However, this project did not progress and he explained his idea to Morgen, but he ended this work because it was not profitable for him. And no one invested to continue the work. The United States Patent Office named this invention after Marconi because he had the support of Morgan and Edison. Although forty years later they reconsidered their work and registered it in the name of Tesla, but it was useless because Tesla was no longer alive.
This work delayed the emergence of the age of communication for a century. The mast was destroyed and Tesla was able to settle part of its debts by selling its waste.
Although at the age of 50, he invented a turbo engine with a power of 200 horsepower and the first air friction meter, but the failure in the previous project had weakened his spirit and he fell into depression, he turned away from all the people in the world and had no contact with anyone.

In 1909, Markeni won the Nobel Prize, and Tesla’s displeasure turned into anger. After this incident, he filed a lawsuit against Markeni’s company, but could not prove it.
In 1917, he received an honorary medal named Edison! This medal was presented to him by the American Institute of Electronic Engineers at the age of 63 to honor Tesla. But Tesla did not go to that party.
In 1924, Albert Einstein attracted the attention of the world with his theory of relativity, and Tesla wrongly questioned this theory. In 1931, Edison passed away and he was honored by the world on his 75th birthday, and his photo was on the cover of Time magazine. It was printed.
During the Nazi war, he proposed the theory of Teleforth again and wanted to end this war by inventing it.
At the age of 83, he had an accident with a taxi, and at that time Westinghouse paid for his housing and living expenses and received a pension from Yugoslavia.

The death of Tesla

Nikola Tesla died at the age of 87 in the New Yorker Hotel. The cause of his death was a heart artery blockage.
5 months after Tesla’s death, the radio patent granted to Marcini was canceled by the Patent Society and granted to Tesla.
After Tesla’s death, the FBI confiscated his property and kept all his research and inventions. After 9 years, his nephew managed to transfer his property to his hometown, Yugoslavia.

Look around you wherever you are. Everything you see is information that is shown to you by light.

What is light and how is created?

There are several theories about how light formed to see together: Imagine if there was no light, you could not see anything! Worse, there was no life on earth.

 Newton’s theory:

Newton imagined light as a line, which happened to have reflection, and he believed that light made up of small particles and shines from a light source. By proving this theory, problems related to lenses and mirrors can solved.

Huygens theory:

Huygens also believed that light is in the form of waves with which we can understand the type of color and wavelength decomposition.

Planck’s theory:

He assumed that light is composed of tiny packets called photons. Every source and body has molecular conditions and every molecule has energy, energy forms heat and heat creates radiation, as a result, the sum of energy, heat and radiation form the frequency, since every molecule is an electron. Yes, the movement of electrons that have an electric charge is in a rotational movement in the layers around the atom that creates energy and an electric field, and when they move, they generate energy in a rotational motion.

Light itself is an electromagnetic radiation whose wavelength is between 380 and 750 nm and is easily seen by the eye.

What is light made of?

Let us find out about it together:

Light also has an invisible form, such as infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, radio waves, etc. The electromagnetic spectrum is very wide, visible light is not much different from invisible light; the only difference is that we can see visible light with our eyes, but it’s not invisible light!

A visible light that we can see is a very small part of this electromagnetic spectrum. The wave less than about 400 nm is called ultraviolet and more than 700 nm is infrared, which unfortunately or fortunately cannot be seen.

The aurora passes through the earth’s atmosphere and has a noticeable reduction, which causes all the radiation whose wavelength is less than 290 nm to be filtered before reaching the earth.

Before we talk about light, know that photons are also small packets found in light.

Now we want to talk about how light is formed:

The nature of light is that it is an electromagnetic beam made up of photons, when it shines on objects it makes us see everything around us.

When photons flow, they produce a wave that is equal to the speed of light produced. Photon is the smallest unit of measurement of energy that can be moved and can be in the form of particles or waves, and these applications are used in the field of optics and photonics in addition to lighting.

What makes electromagnetic waves different is the wavelength. The energy level of photons is indicated by the Greek letter lambda λ according to their wavelength.

Photon energy is directly proportional to the frequency of the photon, but it is inversely proportional to the wavelength. The frequency is also measured by the number of cycles or the same wavelength per second.

Light is measured by the intensity value, and the more photons, the greater the wave amplitude. The figure below shows photons that have the same wavelength (λ), frequency and energy, but their intensity is different. Amplitude is a quantitative characteristic of light, while wavelength determines the nature of light qualitatively.

Which wave spectrum do plants need?

Which waves are useful for humans and which waves are harmful?

The waves of the electromagnetic spectrum are divided into two large categories depending on the energy of the wave, and whether or not they are harmful to human health:

Ionizing radiation and non- ionizing radiation

Nonionizing radiation (ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and gamma rays) has enough energy in one photon to separate electrons from atoms or break chemical bonds. That’s why X-rays are pulse wave type, which means they are used for a short period of time, and when they want to take images in the dental office, they use a special vest or it is recommended that we use sunscreen when we are exposed to sunlight. Let’s use it, because there is the end of the visible light spectrum of ultraviolet rays, which is one of the ionizing radiations and destroys living tissues.

Energy saving lamps are one of the most widely used types of lamps in the world. These lamps have more advantages than incandescent lamps and other types of lamps due to their low energy consumption and long lifespan. However, the use of mercury in the structure of energy-saving lamps can become a threat to human health, especially when these lamps break.

Damage caused by breaking a low-energy light bulb

Breaking a low-energy light bulb can lead to the release of mercury into the environment. Mercury is a toxic substance that can harm human health. Among the damages caused by breaking a low-energy light bulb, the following can be mentioned:

• Mercury poisoning: This substance can damage the nervous system, kidneys and other organs of the body.
• Vision disorders:  Mercury can cause vision disorders such as cataracts.
• Anemia: its contact with the skin can cause anemia.
• Premature birth:  Mercury can increase the risk of premature birth.

Safety hazards 

Breaking a low-energy light bulb can also cause various safety hazards. Among these risks, the following can be mentioned:

• Damage caused by mercury vapor:  Mercury vapor can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat.
• Damages caused by broken glass:  broken glass of energy-saving lamps can cause skin wounds.

Protection solutions

To avoid damage caused by breaking a low-energy lamp, you must take the following precautions:

• Place energy-saving lamps in safe places out of the reach of children.
• In case of broken energy saving lamp, leave the place immediately and open the windows to let the mercury vapor escape.
• Use a mask and gloves to avoid contact with mercury vapor and broken glass.
• Do not use a vacuum cleaner to pick up broken glass.
• Clean the broken part of the lamp with a wet cloth.

Energy-saving lamps have many advantages, but the use of mercury in the structure of these lamps can become a threat to human health. Therefore, it is necessary to take necessary precautions while using energy-efficient lamps and take proper safety measures in case these lamps break.

The dangers and consequences of breaking a low-energy light bulb

The breaking of energy-saving lamps can cause serious harm to human health. Here are some important issues to consider when this happens:

Mercury poisoning

Mercury is a toxic substance that can harm human health. Each light bulb contains 5 mg of mercury. Breaking the light bulb releases mercury into the environment. Mercury vapor can be absorbed through the skin, lungs and digestive system. Mercury can damage the nervous system, kidneys, liver and other organs. Among the effects of mercury poisoning, the following can be mentioned:

• Nervous disorders: The release of mercury in the environment can cause malfunctions in the brain and the center of the body’s nervous system. These disorders can lead to problems such as memory loss, fatigue, depression and movement disorders.
• Vision disorders: It can also cause vision disorders. These disorders can lead to problems such as cataracts, reduced vision, and blindness.
• Fertility disorders: In addition, it can cause fertility disorders. It should be noted that if pregnant women are exposed to this toxic metal, they may experience disorders that lead to problems such as miscarriage, congenital abnormalities, and the birth of premature babies.

The dangers of UV

Energy-efficient lamps produce UV rays that can damage the skin. UV rays can cause wrinkles, spots and skin cancer. Proportionate use and limitation in proximity to moonlight lamps are important and reduce long-term effects on health.

fire

Reports indicate that energy-efficient light bulbs have caused fires, especially when the bulb was left on. Many lamps are not designed to work indoors. Therefore, the use of special lamps and the use of a safety switch are recommended for these cases.

Headaches and migraines

Using energy-saving lamps may cause some people to have headaches, nausea and migraines. People who work in environments with a lack of natural light may be sensitive to their colleagues who use moonlight lamps.

Solutions to prevent damage caused by breaking energy-saving lamps

To avoid damage caused by breaking energy-saving lamps, you should take the following precautions:

• Place energy-saving lamps in safe places out of the reach of children.
• In case of broken energy saving lamp, leave the place immediately and open the windows to let the mercury vapor escape.
• Use a mask and gloves to avoid contact with mercury vapor and broken glass.
• Do not use a vacuum cleaner to pick up broken glass.
• Clean the broken part of the lamp with a wet cloth.

How to dispose of low consumption lamps

Energy-saving lamps should not be disposed of with normal waste. These lamps must be delivered to special waste collection centers. Special waste collection centers dispose of low consumption lamps in safe and standard ways.

Immediate actions in case of breaking a low-energy lamp

Breaking a low-energy light bulb can pose risks to people’s health and safety. Therefore, if these bulbs break, you must take immediate and safety measures to avoid these hazards.

Immediate actions

• Ventilation of the environment: open the windows immediately to ventilate the environment. If the ventilation device or fan is active, turn them off.
• Turn off the lamp: If the lamp is broken while on, turn it off immediately to avoid the risk of electric shock or fire.
• Leaving the place:  Do not stay in the place for at least 15 minutes to avoid inhaling mercury vapor.

next actions

• Collecting glass and mercury: After at least 15 minutes, you can collect broken glass and mercury. For this, use gloves and a mask.
• Cleaning the area:  Clean the fracture area using a wet towel and a solution of soap and water.
• Replacing the lamp:  After collecting the glass and mercury and cleaning the place, replace the broken lamp with a new one.

Conclusion

• In case of broken energy saving lamp, you should take necessary measures as soon as possible to avoid possible dangers.
• Mercury vapor in energy-saving lamps can be harmful to human health. Therefore, you should avoid inhaling mercury vapor if these lamps break.
• Use gloves and a mask to collect broken glass and mercury.
• After collecting the lamp and mercury glass, clean the broken place using a damp cloth and a solution of soap and water.
• One of the effective solutions to prevent the risks of breaking a low-energy lamp is to use a metal halogen frame. These frames prevent the release of mercury in the environment and reduce the risk of fire.

Preservation of the environment and human health is of great importance. Choosing safe and smart solutions can help this goal. The use of energy-efficient lamps, following safety precautions, can help reduce energy consumption and protect the environment. Also, the use of a metal halogen frame can minimize the risks of breaking low-energy lamps.

• Energy-saving lamps have many advantages, but the use of mercury in their structure can create risks for human health and safety.
• If an energy-efficient light bulb breaks, you must take immediate action to prevent mercury emissions and fire hazards.
• Using a metal halogen frame can be a safe and effective solution to prevent the risks of breaking low-energy lamps.

To get more information and use ZEM Group’s products, you can refer to the site and use advanced technologies to protect buildings and residential houses to protect your health against possible risks. Also, taking care of the environment is one of our first priorities, and choosing safe and smart solutions can help this goal