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Network cables serve as one of the most critical components in communication systems and computer networks, playing a key role in data transfer between various devices. With the evolution of technologies and the growing need for swift and reliable data transmission, a diverse range of network cables has been introduced to the market. This article delves into a detailed examination of different network cable types, their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of each type and their applications.

1. Twisted Pair Cables

Twisted pair cables are one of the most common and oldest types of network cables used for data transmission in local area networks (LANs). These cables consist of several pairs of copper wires twisted together to reduce noise and electromagnetic interference.

UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) Cables

UTP cables are the most common type of network cables that do not have any additional shielding to prevent electromagnetic interference. These cables are very popular in home and small office networks due to their low cost and easy installation.

UTP Cable features:

• Affordable price :The price of UTP cables is more affordable compared to other types of cables, and for this reason, they are very popular in small projects.

• Easy installation :The small diameter of these cables, their flexibility, make installation in various environments easy.

• Distance limit :They usually have a good performance up to distances of about 100 meters, and in longer distances, they need a booster.

 

UTP Cable applications:

 

• Local Area Networks (LANs)

• Home networks

• Telephone systems

 

STP (Shielded Twisted Pair) Cables

STP cables, like UTP cables, have twisted pairs of wires, but their difference is the presence of a shielding layer for each pair of wires, which prevents the effects of external noise and electromagnetic interference. These cables are used in industrial environments and places where there is a lot of electronic equipment.

 

STP Cable Features:

 

• Better Noise Protection: The shields in STP cable prevent the entry of external noise and interference.

• Application in Noisy Environments: For environments with high electromagnetic noise (such as factories and industrial centers), this cable is a suitable choice.

STP Cable Applications:

 

• Industrial environments and factories

• Noise-sensitive networks

• Large infrastructures

FTP (Foiled Twisted Pair) Cables

Another type of twisted pair cables is FTP cables, in which a layer of metal foil is wrapped around all the pairs to protect against electromagnetic interference. These cables can also be used in environments with high electromagnetic interference.

2. Coaxial Cables

Coaxial cables were popular for computer networks in past decades and are still used in television and radio communication systems. These cables consist of a central conductor covered with an insulating layer and a metal layer that acts as a shield.

• Radio communications

• Older computer networks

3. Fiber Optic Cables

 

Fiber optic cables are the newest and most advanced type of network cables that use thin strands of glass or plastic instead of copper wires.
Information is transmitted in these cables in the form of light pulses, which significantly increases the speed and quality of data transmission.

Fiber Optic Cable Features:

• Very High Speed: These cables can transmit data at a much higher speed than copper cables.

• Noise Immunity: Fiber optic cables are not affected by electromagnetic noise at all.

• Long Transmission Distance: These cables are capable of transmitting data over very long distances (up to hundreds of kilometers) without the need for amplifiers.

 

Types of Fiber Optic Cables:

 

• Single-Mode Fiber Optic: This type of cable is used for data transmission over very long distances (even up to several hundred kilometers).

• Multi-Mode Fiber Optic: This type of cable is used for shorter distances and more common applications such as local networks.

Fiber Optic Cable Applications:

• High-speed internet infrastructures

• Intercity and international communication networks

• Data centers

• Telecommunication systems

4. Crossover Cables

 

Crossover cables are a special type of twisted-pair cables that are used to directly connect two similar devices. In this type of cable, some of the wires inside the cable are connected in a cross pattern so that the two devices can communicate with each other without the need for a switch or hub.

Crossover Cable Applications:

• Direct connection of two computers

• Connection of two routers or switches

• Direct connection between two similar devices

5. Network Cables Cat5, Cat6, and Cat7

 

Network cables are usually classified based on specific standards, which include Cat5, Cat6, and Cat7. Each of these cables is designed for a specific speed and bandwidth.

a) Cat5 Cables

 

Transfer speed: Up to 100 Mbps

Bandwidth: Up to 100 MHz

Applications: Small home and office networks

 

b) Cat6 Cables

Transfer speed: Up to 10 Gbps over short distances

Bandwidth: Up to 250 MHz

Applications: Larger and professional networks

 

c) Cat7 Cables

Transfer speed: Up to 10 Gbps

Bandwidth: Up to 600 MHz

Applications: Infrastructure of very large networks and data centers

Conclusion

Due to the wide variety of network cables, choosing the right cable depends on the network needs, usage environment, and project budget. For small home and office networks, twisted-pair cables (UTP and STP) are very suitable options. In contrast, for larger and high-speed projects, fiber optic cables are considered the best option.

 

The best designs of switches and sockets in 2022:

 small details and accessories always complete a large space, especially in the decoration of houses.

And the same goes for small, practical gadgets that you may not even think about, or may not always be aware of, but undoubtedly use every day. We are talking about luxury switches and sockets.

Think of your switches and sockets as home jewelry.

You might feel like you’re missing something when you leave the house without makeup or your favorite necklace around your neck, but when you put on your favorite necklace, you’ll instantly feel more refreshed and empowered. The same can be said about a house. Standard white switches and sockets may make the space look boring or ordinary. But replace them with a sleek black metal panel that’s neat and flush with the wall, and suddenly you’ll have a very stylish space, and your home will thank you for it.

In this article, we are going to introduce the best key and socket designs in 2022. Stay with us until the end of this article.

Switch and sockets with special design

Most people tend to use the latest models and stylish designs for home appliances and accessories, which make the environment and modern interior decoration at home more beautiful.

For those people who are looking for modern and luxurious things, screw sockets are among the models that have become very popular among people these days and are among the best-selling models in 2022.

This category of luxury switches and sockets were presented to the market in beautiful colors and designs, which are suitable for modern buildings and houses.

 

Double one-way switches and sockets with classic design

If you are not eager to buy the latest and most up-to-date model with advanced technology, but you want to make the appearance of your home stylish and beautiful, we suggest you to choose classic model switches and sockets.

Do Paul switches and sockets are among the oldest switch sockets, but they are still used and popular among buyers.

These types of switches and sockets have different designs, colors and materials and are available in the market.

 

 

Multi-purpose switches and sockets

Some electronic equipment manufacturing companies use the socket more by adding USB inputs.

The addition of this feature has made the switch sockets more useful and there is no need to occupy electrical sockets anymore, and you can easily use these ports.

This model of switches and sockets has allowed you to bring a digital space to your home.

Choosing the best switches and sockets suitable for home decoration Switches and sockets are elements that may be overlooked at best. If you think about them daily, it is because their situation was not well planned when designing the space and you are looking for them all over the room when it should be the other way around. ZEM Group’s main recommendation for placing switches and sockets is to consider what uses it will have for the rooms and space of your home. Choosing switches and sockets with neutral colors and designs such as white, aluminum or brown can be a basis for successful combination with any decoration style. We can also give personality by changing the colors according to the rooms and put the frame in a different color than the plug or switch. Location of switches and sockets in houses Do you know where is the best place to place switches and sockets? It is recommended to always place the sockets at 30 cm from the ground. Electric switches should be placed at a height of 1.10 meters from the ground and 15 cm from the door frame.

In this article from the ZEM Group website, we will examine the 4 main factors in smart building lighting

Intelligent lighting of the facade of the building means to control and monitor the lighting of the facade of the building automatically. This is done through sensors and control systems. By using smart lighting, energy consumption can be greatly reduced, building security can be created and the appearance of the building can be changed as desired.
Smart facade lighting has many advantages, including:

The main advantages of smart facade lighting

• Energy saving: By using smart lighting, energy consumption can be greatly reduced.
• Creating more security: Smart lighting can help create more security in the building.
• Changing the appearance of the building: Smart lighting can change the appearance of the building as desired.

Intelligent lighting of the facade of the building means to control and monitor the lighting of the facade of the building automatically. This is done through sensors and control systems. By using smart lighting, energy consumption can be greatly reduced, building security can be created and the appearance of the building can be changed as desired.

The use of modern technologies in the intelligent lighting of the facade of the building

Mobile applications, other devices, or the Internet can be used to set the smart lighting of the building facade. In the first case, the mobile application acts as a user interface to control the lighting system. By activating the desired settings in the application, a signal is sent to the central system to apply that feature to the facade of the building. For example, by setting the time when the lights turn on and off in the application, these settings are applied to the lighting of the facade of the building, and the lights turn on and off at the same time.

In addition, with proper lighting management, you can have better control over the color and intensity of the lights. Therefore, an intelligent system that fits the needs of the building will have the highest level of performance.

Some of the advantages of smart lighting in the facade of the building

In addition to the ability to adjust according to the needs of the building, the smart lighting of the building facade has other advantages, including:

• More emphasis on beauty: Smart lighting can change the appearance of the building as desired and increase its beauty dramatically.
• More control and monitoring: Smart lighting provides the possibility of precise control and monitoring of the lighting of the facade of the building. This can help save energy and increase building security.
• Better access and greater comfort: Smart lighting makes it easier for people to access the building. Also, it can help create a safer and more comfortable space for people.
• Cost savings: Smart lighting can help save energy and building maintenance costs.

About more emphasis on beauty

Light has a great influence on the mood and emotions of people. Smart facade lighting automatically adjusts the amount of light during the day and night using sensors. During the day, it filters the light to prevent glare and at night, it increases the intensity of the light to enhance the beauty of the building facade. Therefore, smart lighting can have a positive effect on the people living in the building and the overall performance of the building.

More about control and monitoring

Smart lighting sensors are installed for various purposes, the most important of which is monitoring and controlling the lighting of the building facade. This control helps to save energy and increase the beauty of the building.

In smart lighting systems, it is possible to control and monitor all aspects of lighting, including the time the lights turn on and off, the level of brightness, the type of lighting, and even the color of the light. While non-smart lighting only allows you to turn the lights on and off.

About better and easier access with smart facade lighting

Smart lighting provides better accessibility for users. Users can adjust and manage the amount and intensity of lighting anywhere in the world through a mobile application or any other device using the Internet. Also, this system notifies the user if the lamps are damaged or burnt. Therefore, with access to the Internet, control and monitoring of lighting is done easily and in the shortest time.

About saving more money

In some cases, it may be necessary to turn off the facade lights for various reasons, such as saving energy or creating a safer space. The intelligent lighting system of the facade of the building provides the possibility to automatically or manually adjust the number of lights and their brightness. This can help reduce energy consumption and, as a result, reduce electricity costs.

What light is suitable for studying? Did you know that the intensity and radiation of light can affect your learning rate? Do you prefer yellow or white light for reading? Stay with us in this article to get answers to these questions

If you are a reader, you know better than anyone that to have a useful and effective study, you must first provide the right light for it, because the lack of proper light for reading can damage our eyes and even affect the amount of our learning. But before we ask ourselves what light is suitable for reading, let us introduce you to a few points!

Is yellow or white light suitable for studying?

Do you like yellow or white light? Which is better? This is a question that you may have asked many times, but not with the right answer! We can say with confidence that the bitterness of each of these two completely depends on your taste and habit. they do, the use and application of each of these completely depends on the taste and habit of people!

Does light affect learning?

We have mentioned many times in previous articles that each part of the house should receive a certain amount of light according to the activity that takes place there. The unit of light intensity required for each part of the house is called luxury. Experts have determined the light intensity required for activities in each part of the house as follows: for example, in the living room and reception room, 200 lux, bedroom 180 lux., kitchen 250 lux and light intensity required for educational environments between 300 and 500 lux. But even the intensity and amount of light radiation to perform any activity depends on the habit of the eye and the taste of the people, and it is not possible to have a general theory for this case.

According to the latest research conducted on a group of students, the lighting and proper lighting of the study environment has a direct effect on the students’ learning, concentration and calculations.

Pay attention to the direction of light, the best direction of light for reading is to shine on the book from the side and from top to bottom, the light should not shine directly on the page of the book and should not be reflected from the surface of the paper, because the reflection Direct light from the screen can damage the eyes.

Do not overdo the lighting intensity! As we mentioned, low light can damage your eyes, but high lighting also has this disadvantage, because high light causes glare, accuracy and focus on objects, which can also cause fatigue and damage to the eyes. become an eye

With natural light, reading becomes enjoyable!

There are many ways to provide the right light for studying! One of these ways is natural light. Look at the part of the house you have chosen to study, does it have large windows? If your answer is yes, it means you are lucky!

 

Having large windows in a room is always an advantage, especially if that room is a space for study, according to the research conducted, natural light is considered the best light for study, and in addition, it can make you feel refreshed and get rid of depression. Get away from you!

Of course, this does not mean that you should place your desk directly in front of the window, direct sunlight can cause serious damage to your body, it is enough to place the study desk in a place where there is a little light, the rest should be natural light. hand over If you want to cover the window, use silk and lace curtains, heavy and dark curtains absorb the light and prevent it from entering the house.

Natural light can satisfy your need for lighting for several hours of the day and night, but what can we do when the sun is gone and there is no natural light? We must go to artificial sources of light!

Reading light, the easiest way to get the best light

Artificial sources and lights compensate our need for lighting in the absence of the sun and natural light, especially if this lighting is for study, which requires a higher level than the usual and average lighting of the room. Here we mention some types of lights that are suitable for reading

Use halogen lights and chandeliers!

Chandeliers are always known as the central source of light, many people may not consider the chandelier as a suitable light source for studying, but these large pendant lights are also used to create suitable lighting for studying. Choose a chandelier for the central and main source of lighting for the room, and bring halogen lights next to it to achieve a soft and beautiful light with the spot light that spreads throughout the room. The use of halogen lights and chandeliers together creates different layers of lighting on the surface of the room, which can be very suitable for reading.

Reading lamp, always popular, always loved

It is impossible not to mention reading lights when talking about the right light for reading! These lights simply provide the right light and shine from top to bottom and obliquely to the page of the book. Reading lights are divided into 3 general categories, table lights, standing lights and wall lights!

If you like to read a little in your living room and dining room, put a standing lamp next to a soft and comfortable sofa! These lampshades provide you with a warm and cozy atmosphere.

Many people read a little before sleeping, if you are in this category, you can use bedside and wall lamps, these lamps have various models and designs and are found in modern and classic styles. You can use the lights that can rotate and direct the light to shine the light on any part of the book whenever you want.

Put desktop reading lights for the desk and writing, put them in the part of the table where you want light to shine on the work page and books! Reading lights occupy very little space from the surface of the table, when buying a reading light,
pay attention to their size and height. There are lights that allow you to shine the light on the table according to your taste and of course your needs.

Since childhood, this question has been in the minds of all of us, what are these colored balls on the wires for? What is their job and how are they thrown or placed on the top of the electricity tower and on the wires?
In this article, we are going to address these questions:
The use of marker balls on power lines dates back to the 1950s, when the US Federal Aviation Administration recognized a growing safety concern, which was aircraft collisions with transmission lines.
Balls on power wires are installed on high voltage power cables that are located at high altitudes. These colored plastic balls can often be seen on highways, in mountainous areas and valleys, on electric wires that pass overseas, lakes or rivers, and most importantly around airports.

The importance of using marker balls

Several theories have been proposed for the use of these balls:
The first theory is that these balls are installed on electrical wires for safety warning, to warn artificial birds when they are flying at low altitudes, such as helicopters and airplanes. Give the wires. Also, because the roads under the masts are very wide and there is a lot of traffic under them and the length of the wires increases and decreases due to heat and cold, these balls are placed on these wires so that they can be seen by passers-by.
The next theory is related to the distance between the masts. The distance between two masts is called span. When the span of the masts is short, hollow balls are used, and if the span is long, solid balls are used, which usually have a series of springs inside them. It happens that the wires connected between the two masts stand a little looser or give a so-called belly. If they are pulled to prevent the wires from standing loose, due to a small impact, these wires vibrate and cause disruption in the transmission system. And the wear of the wires becomes faster, so when the wires are stretched, some weights, which are balls, are attached to the wire to dampen and eliminate the vibrations.

 

Color the balls

The color used for the international standard is orange, and it was chosen because it is clear from long distances. However, other colors such as red, white, yellow and black are also used. White and bitter yellow colors are used around rivers and valleys, and orange and red colors are used on wide roads, and black is this color. It is in two hemispheres.

 

Constructors

The size of these balls varies from twenty inches to thirty-six inches and they weigh about 17 pounds (7.7 kg). In valleys and rivers and paths that end in deep water, their size cannot be less than 36 inches and 91 centimeters.
The smaller 20-inch (51 cm) cannons can only be installed on lines that are less than 50 feet (15 meters) above the ground or within 1,500 feet (about 485 meters) of an airport runway exit. The best material that can be used for these balls is fiberglass, but mainly aluminum is used and very high-quality coating colors that are resistant to sunlight and cold.

Installing the balls

These balls should be installed on the electric wire that has the highest height. In some cases, when there are several wires together at the highest point of the mast, the balls are installed on each wire in turn, maintaining the same standard distance of 200 feet. This method makes the weight of the balls evenly distributed throughout the wire.
So we found out what is the reason for putting the ball between the electric cables and what exactly are the use of these colored balls. It may be hard to believe that balls that look so small from a distance can prevent possible aerial collisions and damage to the structure of electric wires, but the fact is that the importance of using balls on electric wires is more important than what we think. It is much more.

In this article on the ZEM Group website, we will mention the methods of lighting in roof gardens and the effective element in beautifying the space.
Roof Garden is a space for relaxation, fun and gathering with loved ones. If you want to enjoy your roof garden at night, proper lighting plays an important role. In this article, we examine different methods of lighting the roof garden.
In addition to lighting, roof garden lighting can also help beautify the roof garden space. By using the right lighting, you can highlight certain features of your roof garden or create a calm and cozy atmosphere.

Roof garden lighting, beautiful nights to be together

A green and beautiful roof is a pleasant place for night time. Sufficient light in the green roof doubles its beauty and makes it safer to travel. Lighting is one of the most important parts of roof garden design. The type of lighting depends on factors such as the location of the spaces, the use of the roof space, the area of ​​the green roof, etc. The cost of lighting the roof garden is also a part of its design and implementation costs. In addition to the area and type of lights, the greater the variety in lighting, the higher the costs.

Types of roof garden lighting

In the pictures of roof gardens, we see different types of lighting. Some of these lights are on the walls, some are between the plants, and some are along the stairs. Lighting can add depth to a space or highlight an element. One of the most important reasons for lighting in the roof garden is to create safety and comfort in transportation. This is especially important for families with children. In the following, we will examine the types of lighting for each part of the roof garden.

Types of lighting for roof garden lighting

For roof garden lighting, different types of lighting are used, including:

• Wall and floor LED lights: These lights are available in different types, including ceiling, wall, floor, etc. lights.
• Wall and floor sensor lights: These lights are motion sensitive and turn on and off automatically.
• Types of lights and wall lamps: These lights can be used to illuminate paths, furniture and other elements of the roof garden.
• Light strings: Light strings can be used to create a beautiful and attractive effect in the roof garden.
• Buried or ground lights: These lights are placed in the ground and are used to illuminate plants, water features and other elements of the roof garden.
• Long and short pedestal lights: These lights can be used to illuminate a large area of ​​the roof garden.
• Under-stair lights: These lights are used to illuminate the path of the stairs.

How should the roof garden lighting be in each section?

The lighting of the roof garden should be appropriate to the form and use of its space. In small roof gardens, soft and dim lighting is enough. But in large roof gardens, the lighting should be such that the entire space of the roof garden is well lit.

Gazebo lighting and seating area
Gazebo lighting, seating area and next to furniture should be sufficient. Soft lights, spotlights and pergola ceiling lights are perfect for this. The lighting of these spaces should be such that the light does not hit people’s eyes directly. So, soft lights are better in this case. Some roof garden umbrellas also have lights that can illuminate the seating area.

Rooftop lighting, ways to light up stairs

In roof garden lighting, don’t forget the parts with different levels. To light up the stairs, you can use the following three methods:

• Burial lights: These lights are placed in the ground and create a soft and uniform light on the path of the stairs.
• Linear lights under the stairs: these lights are placed along the stairs and create a stronger and more focused light.
• Standing lights on the edge of the stairs: These lights are placed on the edge of the stairs and create a decorative and beautiful light.

Roof garden lighting, lighting up the space

To illuminate a part of the roof garden space, we need to place the lights at a distance from the floor so that their light can spread well. In this case, you can use long standing lights or light strings. Tall floor lamps create a stronger, more focused light, while string lights create a softer, more decorative light.

The dining table is a place for family members to gather, talk, and of course, it is a suitable space for doing some daily tasks such as doing the children’s homework, this space is relatively practical.
With a calculated and accurate lighting, your dining room can have a wonderful glow, the dining room is not only a place to serve food, it is a place where family members and friends gather, children and adults. They do assignments and projects on it. For this reason, this place needs a beautiful and of course functional lighting, in this article we will introduce you to pendant lights for dining room lighting.

Edison lamps for the dining table? It is possible?

Today, Edison lamps, these old lamps have returned to interior decoration and have become a trend, look at these lamps that are simply hung from the ceiling and provide a beautiful lighting on the dining table. These lamps have a lower price than other hanging lamps, and of course, they also give a casual and nostalgic atmosphere to your dining room.
A suitable chandelier for large kitchens
Do you have a large kitchen? Do you have an island and a separate dining table? Look at this lovely kitchen…use matching pendant lights to maintain order and harmony in your environment. In this design, they have used a larger lamp for lighting on the dining table and a smaller one for lighting on the island.

Add some color to the room

Do you want to add some color to the decoration? Choose a colored pendant light… Choose the color of the chandelier you want to match the color of your decoration, a little rich or pale. In this lovely design, the ceiling is decorated with a colored ceiling lamp, and a table lamp is used on the table next to it.

Metal lights are also a good idea

Not everyone is a fan of using colored chandeliers, so if you feel more comfortable with metal chandeliers and ceiling lights, this decoration will be interesting for you. Choose a copper or brass chandelier that is magnificent and suitable for any setting
Crystal chandeliers, charming and dreamy
Do you like classic style? Do you want to give your home a luxurious and glamorous atmosphere? So this beautiful and crystal chandelier will definitely be your ideal.
Just take a look at the beautiful harmony and contrast that this beautiful pendant light has created in the space…this black chandelier sits beautifully in your classic style.

Choose large pendants

Crystal chandeliers are great for adding impact and glamour, but they are not suitable for all styles. Another way is to choose a large pendant, and with this beautiful lamp, separate your dining table area from the rest of the space. In this lovely design, the combination of the oak wooden table and patterned wallpaper are well combined with the chandelier and have created a stylish harmony.

Have beautiful lighting with adjustable lights!

Do you have a small and limited space and no place for large chandeliers and pendant lights? Today, there are different models of chandeliers in the market that you can choose one of them according to your needs and interests. One of these models is height-adjustable chandeliers that can be shortened by using a height wire. or raised, you can light the dining table with these chandeliers according to your needs.

Bring pattern and color to the dining table

The dining area is considered a small meeting hall, it is a great place for family conversations, so what’s wrong if we add a little role and design to this area? Choose a beautiful color and combine the patterns and patterns that you like based on that, use colors of the same family!

Point light? What a good idea!

Maybe many people like the chandelier as the central light source of the dining table, but the chandelier is not the first and last way! Halogen lights are also a strong light source, and using several of them and creating a linear lighting on the ceiling can also give a modern and beautiful lighting to the dining room decoration.

Most of the time, the internal lighting of the bedroom is not paid much attention, but this is not true and every part of the house needs a correct and functional lighting!

When talking about the design of the interior decoration of the bedroom, the lighting of the bedroom is often not considered. But lighting is a very important element in the design of every room of the house! In this article, we will introduce you to ideas about decorating the bedroom.

Combine light sources!

Combine different light sources and create different layers of lighting in your bedroom. This bedroom has different combinations of light sources,
first, pay attention to the large windows of this room, what natural and beautiful light they bring to the environment! Natural light creates a feeling of relaxation and helps to make the intended environment appear larger. Bedside lights that can rotate and adjust the light and are used in pairs on both sides of the bed. The use of a beautiful and low-light chandelier has also helped to create this layered and different lighting.

Simple lights, the best way!

When we go to buy lighting, we should consider which part of the house needs lighting? The bedroom is a part of the house that does not need crowded crystal chandeliers and many branches because it does not need so many decorations and of course light reflection! The bedroom is a place for rest, relaxation and a bit of study, so you should not use fancy and busy lighting lamps in the decoration of the bedroom. Sleep is the best choice!

Stylish and beautiful pendant lights, an attractive idea

If you have a small bedroom, one of the easiest ways to save space in the bedroom is to use stylish and attractive pendant lights instead of bedside lights.

Standing lampshades are a constant friend of the bedroom

Every bedroom deserves an easy chair for some reading and relaxing, and if you have a lamp next to it like in this lovely room, you have a wonderful and attractive area to sit and read and relax for a while. you have yourself

Have you looked at the ceiling?

As we have mentioned in previous articles, the ceiling is one of the elements that should be considered when choosing lighting fixtures.

If your bedroom has a low ceiling, choose simple and quiet chandeliers to look beautiful in your room and provide lighting suitable for the size of the room.

Crystal and multi-branched chandeliers are perfect for large bedrooms with high ceilings and can provide amazing lighting to the room. If you use crystal chandeliers in a small bedroom with a low ceiling, you may get a beautiful and attractive lighting when the light hits the crystals, but is this lighting the right lighting for the bedroom?

Always have natural light in the room!

Check out this relaxing room. The large windows of this room provide the necessary light for the bedroom during the day, but at night it provides the light it needs with artificial light sources and creating different layers of lighting such as halogen lights and chandeliers attached to the ceiling!

Save space with wall lights

Walls are a great way to store and save space. If you have a small bedroom, you can also use wall lights instead of bedside lights, like the example you see in this beautiful room.

Today, wall lights are in different designs and styles in the market, try to use wall lights that can rotate and direct the light so that you can rotate and shine the light wherever you want!

Is linear lighting a good idea?

Linear lighting is widely used in the design of modern decorations today, and it is considered one of the modern and contemporary methods for interior lighting.

Many people may think that linear lighting is only used for the living room, but when you use some beautiful pieces of art and decorative elements in your bedroom, this lighting can have a significant effect on your interior decoration. Yes, exactly as you see in this room.

Bedside lights, an inseparable element!

Every bedroom needs a bed and every bed needs a bedside lamp. In the previous points, we mentioned that if you have a small bedroom, use hanging and wall lamps, but if you are not limited in terms of size and size, you can You can use bedside lights, you can use only one or a pair of these lights on one or both sides of your bed, there are no rules or restrictions in this case and it is completely based on your taste.

their proper distance

Luxury socket switches are among the products that are used in the electronics and electrical industry. These products are known as one of the luxury products due to their beautiful appearance, stylish and practical design, in addition to being suitable for use in homes, workplaces, hotels, restaurants and commercial buildings.

These products are made of brass or aluminum and have a beautiful and practical design. Their design is embedded in the wall, ceiling, floor, table, etc., and they are easy to install and use. Also, these products are available in different types such as double, triple and quadruple switches and sockets in the market.

Many of the luxury socket switches are equipped with various features such as high current support, water protection, remote control, etc. Also, many of these products are available with easy installation and sound and light level adjustment suitable for different environments, including workplaces, homes, restaurants and hotels.

In general, the luxury socket switch is one of the popular and used products in the electrical and electronics industry due to its beautiful appearance, stylish design, easy installation and use, and various features such as high current support and water protection. Continue to stay with ZEM Group to learn about the appropriate height for installing switches and sockets and its principles.

The standard installation of a luxury socket switch

The standard for installing switches and sockets in each country and region may be different, but in most cases, there are standards for installing switches and sockets that must be followed. In the following, some of the basic principles of standard installation of switches and sockets are mentioned:

1. Type of switch and socket: quality and standard switches and sockets should be used. To ensure the quality of the key and socket, it is better to use reliable brands introduced by experts.
2. Type of cables: To install switches and sockets, quality and standard cables must be used. It is better to buy cables from reputable shops.
3. Type of installation: The installation of switches and sockets must be done in compliance with safety principles and standards. Usually, the switch and socket should be installed with bolts and nuts to the wall or the desired surface. Also, it should be placed at a sufficient distance from electrical sources and electrical cables to switches and sockets.
4. Type of interior decoration: When installing switches and sockets, attention should be paid to the interior decoration of the environment so that it is compatible with it. For example, if the interior decoration of your environment includes white and black, you can use switches and sockets with white or black color.
5. Installation height: The installation height of the switch and socket must be compatible with the relevant standards. In most cases, the installation height of the switch and socket is determined between 100 and 120 cm from the ground.

In general, the switch and socket installation standard include many safety principles and procedures that must be followed. To ensure the correct installation of the switch and socket, it is better to consult with technical experts.

On what basis is the price of the luxury socket key determined?

The price of a new and stylish key socket depends on many factors related to the design, quality and brand of the product. For example, luxury outlet keys that are produced by reliable and quality brands, their price depends on the desired brand and model. In general, the price of a new and stylish socket switch in the Iranian market can vary from several hundred to several million tomans. In any case, before buying any electronic product, it is better to choose the best option by consulting technical experts and comparing the prices and quality of different products.

The importance of observing the installation distance of the luxury socket switch

Observing the installation distance of the luxury outlet key is one of the important things in installing and using these devices. This distance must be observed due to the safety and optimal performance of the switch and socket. In the following, some of the importance of observing the installation distance of the switch and socket are mentioned:

 

Safety: Observing the installation distance of switches and sockets from electrical sources and electrical cables is considered as one of the most important safety issues. This distance reduces the risk of accidents such as electric shock, fire and explosion.

Useful life: Observing the installation distance of the switch and socket will increase the useful life of these devices. By observing the proper distance, the continuation of the electric current is possible and the device is protected against damage and electrical fluctuations.

Optimum performance: Observing the installation distance of the switch and the socket causes the optimal performance of these devices. By installing the switch and socket at a suitable distance, better and more stable performance of these devices is obtained and the possibility of failure and electrical fluctuations is reduced.

In general, observing the installation distance of switches and sockets from electrical sources and electrical cables is one of the most important things in the installation and use of these devices. To ensure the correct installation of the switch and socket, it is better to consult with technical experts.

Suitable height for installing the luxury switch

To determine the appropriate height for the installation of switches and sockets, several factors should be considered. Here are some of these factors:

1. Type of installation: The type of installation of the switch and socket is very important. In domestic environments, the installation height of the switch and socket is usually determined between 100 and 120 cm from the ground. In office and commercial environments, you should pay attention to the type of activity you do in that environment and determine the appropriate height.
2. Height of users: The height of users should also be considered in determining the appropriate height of switches and sockets. For example, if users are short, the height of the switch and socket should be lower so that they can use it easily.
3. Building standards: Building standards should also be considered in determining the appropriate height of switches and sockets. For example, in some standards, it is specified that the switch and socket should be installed at least 100 cm from the ground and at most 120 cm from the ground.
4. Height of interior decoration: The height of interior decoration should also be considered in determining the appropriate height of switches and sockets. For example, if you have an interior decoration with a high ceiling, you should install the switch and socket at a higher height to match the interior decoration.

In general, to determine the appropriate height for the installation of switches and sockets, several factors should be considered. Before installation, it is better to determine the appropriate height based on the type of installation location, the height of users, and building standards with the advice of technical experts.

When we enter a dark parking lot with a car, we are overcome with stress and fear lest we hit a person or a car. This shows that the lighting of the parking roofs plays an important role in the security and efficiency of the parking lot. In addition, proper lighting can also affect the beauty of the parking space.

The following points should be considered when lighting the roof of the parking lot:

Brightness: The brightness should be enough for people and cars to easily recognize their path.
Light distribution: Light must be evenly distributed throughout the parking space.
Type of lighting: The type of lighting should be chosen according to the use of the parking lot.
Light color: The light color should be chosen in such a way that it does not cause eye fatigue.

 

 

Types of parking roof lighting

The types of parking roof lighting are divided into 4 general categories, which you will read below:

General lighting of the parking roof

General light is a soft and uniform light that illuminates the entire environment. This type of light is necessary for the safe movement of people and cars.

Task lighting of the parking roof

Task light is a focused light and smaller than general light. This type of light is necessary to perform certain tasks in the parking lot, such as car repair or loading and unloading.

Accent lighting on the roof of the parking lot

Accent lighting is light that directs the eyes to a specific point. For example, accent lighting can turn the parking lot into the focal point of the parking lot.

Use of decorative lighting in the parking lot

Decorative lighting is a light that has a beautiful and decorative aspect. By using this type of lighting, you can make the parking space attractive and charming.

How are the types of parking roof lighting implemented?

There are different types of indoor lighting, each of which has its own use. In interior lighting design, different types of lamps are used, such as LED lamps, halogen lamps, fluorescent lamps, optical fibers, etc. These lamps are available in different types of surface, recessed, hanging and thread.

As we mentioned above, lighting includes 4 general views:

• General lighting: General lighting is a soft and uniform light that illuminates the entire environment. This type of light is necessary for the safe movement of people and cars.
• Surface and recessed ceiling lights are usually used in public lighting.
• Task lighting: Task lighting is a focused light that is smaller than general lighting.
• This type of light is necessary to perform certain tasks in the parking lot, such as car repair or loading and unloading. Hanging lights are usually used in task lighting.
• Accent lighting: Accent lighting is a light that directs the eyes to a specific point.
• For example, accent lighting can turn the parking lot into the focal point of the parking lot. Halogen ceiling lamps are usually used for accent lighting.
• Decorative lighting: Decorative lighting is a light that has a beautiful and decorative aspect. By using this type of lighting, you can make the parking space attractive and charming. In decorative lighting, different types of lighting can be used, such as hidden lighting, line lighting, colored lighting, etc.

Different types of lighting are used in parking lots. General lighting is necessary to illuminate the entire parking area. Task lighting is necessary to perform certain tasks, such as car repair.

Accent lighting is used to highlight certain elements in the parking space, such as sculptures or billboards. Decorative lighting is used for the beauty and attractiveness of the parking space.

 

In the following, we discuss the principles of parking roof lighting:

The combination of different types of lighting in interior design

For a basic design in the lighting of the parking roof, general (ambient), task, emphasis and decorative lighting should be combined, the combination of these four lighting guarantees security, efficiency and beauty in the parking space.

Lighting suitable for area and space

The amount of lighting in the parking lot should be proportional to the area of ​​the parking lot. Too much light or too little light affects the parking efficiency.

The intensity of lighting in the parking roof lighting should not be so high that it bothers the eyes of the drivers.

There should be more lighting in high-traffic areas of the parking lot, such as entrances and exits.

Bright surfaces and dazzling reflection of light in the environment

Floor, wall and ceiling materials have a great influence on parking lot lighting. Smooth and bright surfaces reflect light better than rough and dark surfaces. This makes the parking space look brighter and more attractive.

Lighting coordinated with the design of the ceiling

Parking roof lighting depends on its roof design. Different ceilings have their own lighting.

For example, hidden lighting is implemented in false ceilings. But the hidden light does not provide the required light of the environment.

As a result, more recessed or surface lamps are used for the general lighting of the parking space.

Parking roof lighting tips

1.False ceiling in parking lot design, 
false ceiling and kenaf, in addition to beauty, can also play a role in parking lot lighting. Hidden colored lighting in the false ceiling can make the parking space attractive and eye-catching.

2.The virtual sky and the parking roof,
the solution to reduce congestion and suffocation in the parking lot by using the false ceiling of the virtual sky

If you want to make the parking space more open and brighter, you can use the virtual sky false ceiling design.

The false ceiling of the virtual sky can help reduce congestion and suffocation in the parking space by creating a feeling of spaciousness.

3.Motion sensors in the space
Sensor lights can help reduce energy consumption in parking lot lighting by automatically turning on when moving and turning off automatically when stationary.

 

4. Attractiveness of the space with decorative lamps and ceiling
   to beautify the parking space, you can use decorative lamps. Decorative lamps are available in different types and shapes and can give a beautiful and eye-catching effect to the parking space.
5. Resetting with a dimmer Dimmers are tools that can increase or decrease the light intensity of lamps. Using dimmers can help save electricity.

During the day, the intensity of natural light varies. When the intensity of natural light is greater, there is no need to turn on the lights at full intensity. In this case, you can use dimmers to reduce the light intensity of the lights.